Introduction to Linguistic: Inisiasi 6
Mata kuliah Introduction to Linguistic minggu ke-6 ini memberikan materi mengenai sintaks bahasa. Sintaks mempelajari organisasi suatu kata ke suatu frasa dan dari suatu frasa ke dalam kalimat. Untuk pelajaran lengkap mengenai sintaks ini silakan di baca buku materi pokok Introduction To Linguistic.
Syntax
If we concentrate on the structure and ordering of components within a sentence, it means that we are studying what is technically known as the syntax of the language. Syntax is a branch of linguistic that is concernded with the study of the structure of a sentence and ordering of its elements. Syntax studies the organization of words into phrases and phrases into sentences.
The sentence “The woman drives a car” for instance, started by the word the forms one phrase with the word woman, then the word drives forms one phrases with the word a car. The phrase of The woman then combinated with the phrase of drives a car to form a sentence that is “The woman drives a car”. The phrases of The woman and drives a car is different since they come from different group of words. The phrase of The woman consists of article the and noun woman whereas the phrase of drives a car consists of verb drives and noun a car.
Some properties of the grammar;
Linear Order
The most obvious principle of sentence organization is linear order; the words in a sentence must occur in a particular sequence if the sentence is to convey the desired meaning.Consider:
- John glanced at Mary.
If we rearrange the words in this sentence, we either come up with nonsense, as in:- Mary John at glanced.
or with a sentence whose meaning is distinctly different from that of (1):- Mary glanced at John.
Clearly, the ordering of the words in sentences determines, in part, whether a sentence is grammatical or not, and what the sentence means.- One of the many rules of English requires that the grammatical subject of a sentence normally precedes the main verb, which in turn normally precedes its direct object.
Catatan lengkap untuk inisiasi ke-6 ini dapat diambil di sini.
