Introduction to Linguistic: Inisiasi 5
Mata kuliah Introduction to Linguistic minggu ke-5 ini memberikan inisiasi mengenai morfem dan proses pembentukan kata. Ada beberapa morfem yang dibahas diantaranya adalah lexical and grammatical morphemes, free and bound morphemes, derivational morpheme dan sebagainya. Lebih lanjut silakan baca uraian dibawah ini:
Morphemes and Word Formation-Process
A morpheme can be defined as minimal until having more or less constant meaning associated with more or less constant form. For example the word sellers is made up of three morphemes namely {sell} + {er}+ {s}. Each of these morphemes has a meaning; {sell}= verb ‘sell’; {er}= one who performs an action; {s}= more than one. Another example the word {reopened} consists of three morphemes {re}meaning ‘again’; {open}= verb and {ed} indicating past tense.
Lexical and Grammatical Morphemes
Lexical morphemes have a sense (meaning). Noun such as {car, chair, women}; verbs {come, write, go}; and adjective {sweet, beautiful, empty} are typical of lexical morphemes.Grammatical morphemes don’t have meanings. Preposition {of, to for, etc}; articles {a, an, the}; and conjunctions {but, and, or}are typical of grammatical morphemes.
Free and Bound Morphemes
Free morphemes are morphemes which can stand by themselves as single words. They maybe lexical {teach, open, car, kind} or they may be grammatical {and, but}Bound morphemes are morphemes which cannot stand alone, but which are typically attached to another form. For example {re, ir, ed, ly} in words such as return, irregular, visited, and happily.
Derivational Vs Inflectional Morphemes
Derivational morphemes creates new words by either chaning the meaning {happy vs unhappy, both are adjectives} or the part of speech {large vs enlarge, an adjective vs a verb}Inflectional morphemes change neither parts of speech nor meaning, but give extra grammatical information about the already existing meaning of a word. Example, the word dog and dogs are both nouns and have the same meaning, but dogs with plural morphemes contains the additional information that there are more than one of these things.
Catatan lengkap untuk inisiasi ke-5 ini dapat diambil di sini.
